Background

This page to discover Crete

CRETE

Island of the Gods......

In this beautiful month of May, a European destination Greece and more particularly Crete, an island in the middle of the Mediterranean with a millennial history, beautiful landscapes and a certain change of scenery.

Tour details

Our regular tour operator, found us a great week-long tour through Jet Tours

Heraklion

Departure is from Marseille airport with arrival more than late in Héraklion (Icone) .

We can say that it is the "capital", located in the center of Crete and 4th city of the country (Greece) by its population.

Knossos

Knossos (Icone) is a Cretan archaeological site from the Bronze Age in Europe, located 5 km southeast of Heraklion west of the Kairatos River.

It is the most important of the Minoan palaces and the best known of the Cretan sites and it is associated with the legend of the palace of King Minos.

Its appearance and size make it a remarkable and essential place for the civilizations of archaic Europe.

Elounda - Spinalonga

Elounda (Icone) is a small fishing village located on the north coast of the island some 70 kilometers east of the capital, Héraklion

Spinalonga (Icone) is a rocky islet of about 8.5 hectares in area which was occupied successively by the Olunites, the Venetians, the Ottomans until the independence of Crete.

Later, the buildings and the ruins of the Venetian buildings and the Turkish residences that were on the islet, housed lepers and caregivers until it was closed in 1957.

Sitia

The town of Sitia (Icone) is a small port lively located towards the eastern tip of the island and one of the main economic centers of the island.

But, it is best known as a mecca for olives with one of the largest cooperative cellars in Europe: visit and ...

Tasting... Hence the Cretan diet...

Toplou

Toplou (Icone) is truly a small historic gem preserved with great care, featuring magnificent courtyards in old stones, adorned with large flowering bougainvilleas and traditional vases.

The monastery kept the name given to it by the turks, "Toplu Monastir" , that is to say "the monastery with cannons", linked to the fact that at the time of the Venetian domination it was one of the most important fortifications of the island of Crete.

Gorthys - Matala

Visit of the Vai palm grove at the tip of the island.

Now, back to the west and the Roman site of Gortys (Icone) with its Saint Titus basilica and the table of laws (well what's left of it!!!).

A passage through Matala to arrive at the site of the palace of Phaestos , brother of Minos (Icone)

Continue to Zaros and its source of mineral water.

You can discover in the surroundings the lake of Vatamos and the monastery of Agios Nikolaos .

Ascent to the north towards Armani with crossing of the town of Spili and its Minoan cemetery.

Rethymnon

Rethymno (Icone) is a charming city which has kept its Turkish and Venetian character.

Rethymno and the small Venetian fishing port with its Venetian lighthouse, there are still other minarets and mosques (Kara Mousa, Veli Pasha...), narrow streets, airy squares and houses with corbelled wood, Byzantine and Hellenic-Roman remains, the big door...

Chania

Stop in the city of Chania (Icone), former capital during the short independence of Crete.

Beautiful city with its old town center and also many craftsmen including many weavers.

Departure to the friendly village of Thirissos through the gorges of Therassiano, a stop at Alikampos to visit its church with Byzantine

The monastery of Arkadi has a Renaissance style portal, one of the last on the island.

Heraklion

Final return to Heraklion for the visit of its archaeological museum .

This presents a vast panorama of the entire Minoan civilization from its birth with King Minos until its decline with the absorption by the Greeks and the Romans.

Weather report

HERAKLION WEATHER

Video

Latest news

INFORMATIONSeptember 13, 2022
Entry requirements to Greece
Depuis le 1er mai 2022, la Grèce a suspendu ses restrictions d’entrée sur son territoire depuis l’étranger quel que soit le pays d’origine. Aucun document sanitaire (certificat de vaccination ou de guérison), aucun test de dépistage n’est requis pour l’embarquement ou le passage des frontières.
The conditions for direct access to the Greek islands from abroad are identical to the conditions for entering the mainland.
The health conditions and documents for accessing most services or activities in Greece, closed places, or circulating in the country are different.

What there is to know

History

From 7000 BC. BC (Neolithic period), the island is invaded by peoples from Anatolia who practice agriculture and livestock. The oldest pottery is found at Knossos and Phaistos. Worship of the "Great Mother", goddess of fertility.

Prepalatial period

  • 2600-2100 BC. AD New immigrants come from the east. The pottery is finer, the work of copper and bronze becomes widespread. Paleopalatial period
  • 2100-1650 BC. AD Crete reaches a preeminent position in the Mediterranean Sea.

Neopalatial period

  • 1650-1450 BC. J.-C. Following natural disasters, probably earthquakes and tidal waves linked to the explosion of Santorini, the construction of larger sites is relaunched in the image of Knossos.

Postpalatial period

  • 1450-1200 BC. J.-C. The Minoan culture declines quickly. Fall of Knossos. The Mycenaeans invade Crete.
  • 1200-67 BC. J.-C.: Crete lives according to the Dorian social organization and in the shadow of classical Greek culture.
  • 67 BC. AD - 395: Crete belongs to the Roman Empire. Gortyne becomes capital of Crete and of the province which includes Cyrenaica.
  • 395-824: Crete is part of the Byzantine Empire.
  • 824-961: Arab occupation.
  • 961-1204: Reconquest by the Byzantines.
  • 1204-1669: After the capture of Constantinople by the Crusaders, Candia (Crete) becomes Venetian.
  • 1669: The Turks conquer Heraklion and dominate the island for 200 years.
  • 1898: Crete becomes autonomous and Prince George of Greece becomes its High Commissioner.
  • 1913: Crete is attached to Greece.
  • 1922: expulsion of Muslim populations of Turkish origin./li>
Policy

The same as Greece is a parliamentary republic since the constitution of 1975. The latter guarantees civil liberties in detail. However, the weight of the Orthodox Church remained very important there: there is no separation between the Church and the State in Greece (thus article 3 of the constitution regulates the relationship between the two authorities).

The executive power is ensured by the president of the republic, elected by the parliament with a majority of 2/3, and a prime minister from the parliamentary majority.

Today, the president has a purely representative role and he has no political power.

Religion

Crete has been evangelized since the earliest times of Christianity. His apostle would have been Titus, a disciple of Saint Paul, to whom the latter wrote an epistle.

The dominant religion is Orthodox Christianity. The Cretan Church is independent of the Greek Church, and reports directly to the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. She was one of the most important elements of the resistance to the Turkish occupier.

The Muslim populations settled in Crete after the conquest of the island by the Ottoman Empire, or converted on the spot, and which comprised nearly 30% of the population in the 1881 census, began to leave in the 1890s, before the The latter were expelled during the population exchanges between Greece and Turkey in 1924, after the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923. Crete then welcomed many Greek refugees from Asia Minor, of Orthodox religion, expelled from Turkey.

Geography

Crete has a stretched shape from east to west (250 km by 60 at most). Covering an area of ​​8400 km², around 1000 km on the outskirts, it is the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean after Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica and Cyprus.

Just like Corsica, it is mountainous, the highest point is Mount Psiloritis at 2456 m. Crete officially has around 35,000,000 olive trees. Rich in a highly diversified ecosystem, it is Home to several species of animals found nowhere else, as well as a very varied flora.

The island is cradled by a Mediterranean climate, the summer is hot and dry, while the winter is rather mild. Crete, on the other hand, suffers from environmental problems. Indeed, a few years ago, a huge open dump located near Chania posed significant ecological problems.

The Greek state has therefore decided to close it. But there are still a lot of wild dumps all over the island. The beaches are also invaded by waste of all kinds (although some of them are regularly cleaned, such as Elafonissi). The Cretan shores are unfortunately also victims of degassing.

Source : Wikipedia

Additional Information

When to leave?

From April to September, very good weather with mild temperatures and blue skies. Avoid the month of August: much too hot!!!

Transport

No problem, no motorways but the roads are of good quality and the signs are in Greek and Latin.

Sleep / Eat

The food is excellent and varied with many specialties. The hotel is quite uneven, but always welcoming and clean.

Purchase

No more than elsewhere, tourist crafts...

Useful websites
Tourist Office

The Art of Food

Boúkovo fasoláda
Boukovo bean soup Ingredients
400 grams of dried white beans 3 carrots 3 onions 3 fresh tomatoes 3 stalks of celery 2 tablespoons of tomato puree 1 large pinch of boukovo (dried pepper) A little olive oil Salt and pepper
Preparation
Soak the beans overnight in cold water. Drain them. Cook them in boiling water for 15 minutes. Drain. Peel the carrots and cut them into thin slices. Cut the celery stalks into chunks. Chop the onions. Peel then cut the tomatoes into small dice; Add chopped onions, celery and carrots with the beans. Cook for another 20 minutes. Add the fresh tomatoes and the concentrate. Season with salt and pepper and cook for 30 minutes. Add a drizzle of olive oil, the boukovo and finish cooking for another 20 minutes

Ntomatosoupa
Ntomatosoupa Ingredients
3 onions 1 clove of garlic 4 kilograms of tomatoes 150 grams of kritharaki (or “Greek pasta”) 40 grams of yogurt 1 pinch of sugar 1 sprig of basil A drizzle of olive oil Salt and white pepper
Preparation
Deseed the tomatoes and reserve the seeds. Blend the tomatoes. Garnish a closed cork with the tomato seeds and the sprig of basil. Fry the diced onions in a little olive oil. Add the tomato puree and sugar. Season with salt and pepper. Cook over low heat for 40 minutes. Boil some water with the cloth for 10 minutes. Add the water to the tomato soup. Pour the Greek pasta and cook for 10 minutes. Mix the yoghurt with 1 tablespoon of olive oil and the chopped basil. Season with salt and pepper Present the hot soup on the plates and the yoghurt sauce in a ramekin. Decorate with chopped parsley

Soúpa poulerikón
Poultry soup Ingredients
1 hen of about 2 kilograms 1 bay leaf 2 onions 150 grams of rice Salt Peppercorns
Preparation
Cut up the poultry. Place the chicken pieces in a pot with the whole onions, the bay leaf and a few peppercorns. Cover with water, salt and cook covered for 1 hour 30 minutes covered. Remove the poultry and reserve 50 cl of broth. Cook the rice in the remaining broth for 10 minutes. Beat the egg whites with a little salt. Add the egg yolks and beat again. Stir in lemon juice and reserved broth juice. Pour the soup into a large serving dish. Serve with the rooster presented separately sprinkled with black pepper.
Tzatziki
Tzatziki Ingredients
200 g Greek yogurt. A cucumber. 4 cloves of garlic. A few drops of lemon. Two tablespoons of olive oil. Two pinches of salt. Two mint leaves. Dill.
Preparation
Peel the cucumber and grate it finely. Then remove the water that it will have rejected. Chop the garlic and put it in a salad bowl, with the yoghurt and the grated cucumber. Mix everything well. Then add salt, lemon and olive oil, finely chopped mint and dill. Mix the preparation again. Finally, put the preparation in the refrigerator until ready to serve.

Kritikí saláta
Cretan salad Cretan salad Ingredients
1 tomato per person. 1/2 cucumber. 1 onion. 1 slice of feta. 1/2 bell pepper (optional). Fresh or dried oregano. Olive oil. Black olives or lemon.
Preparation
Cut the tomato into quarters. the cucumber will be cut into thin slices. Peel the onion and cut it into rings, break them up. Cut the feta into cubes. Cut the pepper into thin strips. Sprinkle generously with the oregano. Drizzle generously with olive oil. Mix everything and enjoy fresh.

Melitzanosaláta
Eggplant salad Ingredients
2-3 eggplants. 1 medium onion. 1-2 cloves of garlic. 1 C. at s. of vinegar. Salt and pepper. 0.75 cl of olive oil.
Preparation
Peel, remove the seeds, cut into small pieces, boil. Drain well, leave to cool and blend. (You can also cook the aubergines as they are in the oven or on the grill (the skin must be well toasted), then empty them: you get a less watery mixture with a delicious little smoky flavor) Peel, puree the onion and garlic cloves and add. Add the vinegar, salt and pepper. With the olive oil, mix everything well until you obtain a smooth purée. Serve very chilled garnished with black olives or lemon.
Gemista lachanika
Stuffed Vegetables Ingredients
5 or 6 tomatoes. 2-3 eggplants. 2-3 zucchini. 2-3 green peppers. 2 onions. fennel. parsley. 1 cup olive oil. salt. pepper. 500 g of rice. 1tbsp. of concentrated tomato pulp diluted in 1 glass of water. 1 cup grated cheese.
Preparation
Empty all the vegetables and chop their contents (except the green peppers) in a bowl. Add the finely chopped onion, fennel, parsley, rice, salt and pepper. Salt the empty innards of the vegetables, fill them and place them in a mold. Pour the concentrated tomato and a cup of oil over them. Bake in an oven at temperature. Just before turning off the oven, spread the grated cheese and let it melt.

Ráfi arnioú me néa lachaniká
Rack of lamb Ingredients
1 rack of lamb of 2 kg. 6 carrots. 6 new turnips. 12 small potatoes. 6 cloves of garlic. 1 lemon. 3 tbsp of olive oil. a few sprigs of thyme and parsley. salt pepper.
Preparation
Oil a large baking dish. Place the rack of lamb, surround it with unpeeled garlic cloves. Sprinkle with salt, pepper, thyme leaves. Spread the olive oil and leave to macerate for 30 minutes. Preheat the oven to 200° (th 6/7). Peel the carrots. Cut them in 4 from top to bottom. Peel the turnips and the potatoes. Rinse the vegetables, surround the meat. Sprinkle them with lemon juice. Salt, pepper. Place in the oven and cook for 40 mins. Leave to rest for 10 minutes in the oven, with the door open. When serving,

Tiganités kolokythákia
Zucchini fritters Ingredients
2 kg of courgettes 3 tablespoon(s) of salt, 2 large onions, 1 bunch of flat-leaf parsley, 1 teaspoon(s) of fresh oregano, 500 g of feta cheese, 3 eggs, 3 spoon(s) tablespoons of olive oil, 23 good tablespoon(s) of flour, flour for the breadcrumbs, olive oil for the frying bath
Preparation
Grate the courgettes (unpeeled). Mix this preparation well with the salt, then let it rest for 60 minutes in a large colander to allow it to drain. Peel the onions, slice them, do the same with the parsley and oregano. Crumble the feta. Mix the onions, parsley, oregano, feta, eggs, olive oil and 2-3 tablespoons of flour. Take the grated zucchini in handfuls and press hard with your hands to extract all the water. The preparation must be very compact in order to be able to form balls. Add the other ingredients and mix well. In a large deep frying pan, pour olive oil to a height of 5 cm. Heat it to approx. 180°C. This temperature is reached as soon as small bubbles form around a spatula immersed in the oil. Form donuts with moistened hands or using two tablespoons, coat in flour and fry for 6 minutes in oil until golden brown. Drain them on kitchen paper and keep them warm in the oven (50°C, avoid convection heat), covered with aluminum foil, until they are all well cooked.

Tsipoúra se prásino paltó kai rizóto spanáki
Sea bream in green coat and spinach risotto Ingredients
1 beautiful fillet of sea bream. 200 g of spinach. 2 small tomatoes. 2 tbsp. at s. of yogurt. 2 twigs of thyme. 1 bay leaf. salt pepper.
For the risotto : 50 g of spinach. 1 tomato. 1 small onion. 50 g of washed rice. 1/2 lemon. 1 sheep's milk yoghurt. 2 tbsp. at s. olive oil. salt pepper
Preparation
Prepare the risotto :Trim, wash and drain the spinach. Peel the onion and chop it. Scald, peel and chop the tomato. Pour the spinach into 2 tbsp. at s. of hot olive oil, stir well. Add the onion, mix, put the tomato, salt, pepper. Pour the rice, a little water and leave on low heat until cooked. Off the heat, add the juice of half a lemon. Preheat the oven to 250° (th 8/9). Put a pot of salted water on the fire. Cut and rinse the tails of the spinach, immerse them in boiling water for 3 minutes, drain them and pat them dry. Scald and peel the tomatoes, cut them in half, remove the seeds, crush the pulp. Place the spinach leaves on your work surface to make 2 paupiettes. Salt and pepper the sea bream fillets. Place the sea bream fillets on the spinach with 1 tbsp. at s. of yogurt, 1 sprig of thyme, 1/2 bay leaf and half the tomatoes per roll. Fold the leaves over. Bake for 10 minutes in the oven. Serve the fish with the risotto. Present the sheep's milk yoghurt separately.

Kotolétes moscharioú me koukounári kai kaméni ntomáta
Veal cutlets Ingredients
6 veal cutlets, thin and wide. 2 shallots. 2 cloves garlic. 6 pinches of grated cheese. 6 balls of breadcrumbs (the value of a walnut). 25 cl of milk. 50 g of pine nuts. 1 C. at s. olive oil. a few sprigs of parsley. nutmeg. salt pepper.
For the filling : 6 large tomatoes. 1 clove of garlic. 1 tbsp of olive oil. a few sprigs of parsley. sugar. salt pepper.
Preparation
Put the cutlets in a deep dish. Salt, pepper. Cover with milk. Add 1 pinch of nutmeg and leave to macerate for 1 hour in the fridge. Also put the breadcrumbs to soak in a little lukewarm milk. Chop the garlic, parsley and shallots. Preheat the oven to 210° (th 7), leaving the 2 racks inside.
Prepare the filling :Chop the garlic with the parsley. Pass the tomatoes under cold water and cut them in 2. Arrange the tomatoes in a dish over oiled heat. Pour 1 drop of olive oil on each tomato half, 1 pinch of salt and sugar. Give a turn of the pepper mill. Add some minced parsley and garlic. Make a stuffing with the shallots, chopped garlic and parsley, the Gruyère cheese, the drained breadcrumbs and the pine nuts. Spread the cutlets with a little stuffing. Coat a baking dish with olive oil. Store the cutlets in it by rolling them on themselves with a wooden pick. Put the 2 dishes in the oven, placing the tomatoes on top, and cook for 30 minutes

Garídes me angoúri
Prawns with cucumber Ingredients
16 prawns. 1 cucumber. 2 tbsp. at s. of wine vinegar. 1 C. at s. coriander seeds. 4 sprigs of fresh coriander. 10 saffron threads. 2 pinches of ground sweet pepper. 2 tbsp. at s. olive oil. 1 pinch of sugar. 4 pinches of coarse gray salt. salt, ground pepper.
Preparation
The day before, peel the cucumber and cut it into thin slices with a large sparing knife Put them in a bottom of water added wine vinegar with 1 c. c. fine salt and sugar. Leave to macerate for 12 hours in a cool place The same day, peel the prawns Pour over a few drops of olive oil Sprinkle with saffron and sweet pepper Pepper. Drain the cucumber Arrange it in a circle on the plates, overlapping the slices Sprinkle with coriander seeds Heat the oil in a frying pan Sear the prawns in it for 1 minute on each side Season with coarse salt Place the prawns in the center of the plates Chop the fresh cilantro on top.

Soupiés me spanáki
Cuttlefish with spinach Ingredients
1 kg of cuttlefish. 1.5 kg of spinach. 1 onion. 20 cl of white wine. 1 C. at s. of tomato puree. 4 tbsp. at s. olive oil. 2 tbsp. at s. chopped parsley. salt pepper.
Preparation
Clean the cuttlefish by pulling on the head to extirpate the "bag" Cut the tentacles at eye level Rinse the bodies and tentacles Cut the flesh into thick strips Tail and wash the spinach Peel and slice the onion Sauté the onion in hot olive oil, in a large pot Add the cuttlefish, brown them for a few seconds over high heat Pour the wine, the tomato puree Add the parsley Leave to cook gently for 10 minutes Add the spinach to the preparation and let continue cooking for 10 minutes. Season with salt and pepper.

Kotópoulo ánitho
Chicken with dill Ingredients
1 chicken. 1 onion. 500 g of dill. 5 cl of olive oil. salt pepper. 2 lemons. 1 egg.
Preparation
Cut the chicken into pieces. Peel and finely chop the onion. Wash the dill and chop it. Heat the oil in a large Dutch oven and sauté the chicken pieces on each side. Add the chopped onion and the dill. Leave to cook for 5 minutes and add 10 cl of water, salt and pepper. Cook over low heat for 20 minutes (while the chicken is cooked). Turn off the fire. Crack the egg into a bowl and whisk lightly. Squeeze the two lemons and pour the juice into the bowl. Mix the lemon juice and the egg with a little broth from the pot. Mix everything well.

Boureki Haniotiko
Boureki Haniotiko Ingredients
750g courgettes. 3 medium potatoes (about 300g). 2 medium sized ripe tomatoes, diced. 200g of feta. 400 g of fresh sheep's cheese. 1 C. at s. chopped mint. 2 tbsp. at s. creme fraiche. 2 tbsp. at s. olive oil. 40g of flour. salt pepper.
Preparation
Wash and cut the courgettes into thin slices. Peel the potatoes. Wash them then cut them into thin strips Put the cut vegetables in a very large salad bowl Cut the peeled tomatoes into cubes Chop the mint. Take half the fresh sheep's cheese and half the feta and mash the two cheeses in a bowl Add the tomato, the chopped mint, the cheese mixture, the 2 tablespoons of fresh cream, the olive oil to the salad bowl. olive, a little pepper and 30g of flour. Mix everything with your hands and distribute well Lightly oil a baking dish and pour the mixture Mash the rest of the feta and sheep's cheese together and cover your vegetables with Sprinkle with a little flour Put in the oven 45 minutes in a moderate oven (5), then 30 minutes covered with a sheet of
Zestá-krýa sýka
Hot-cold figs Ingredients
3 figs. 1 tsp of cinnamon. 3 tbsp. c. brown sugar. 1 C. at s. of port. 1 scoop of vanilla ice cream. 1 knob of butter. 1 mint leaf.
Preparation
Open the figs crosswise Saute them in butter and sugar over low heat until caramelized Pour in the wine and cinnamon Give a broth by scraping the bottom of the pan well Serve warm with the ball vanilla ice cream and garnish with the fresh mint leaf.

Karameloména míla me karýdia
Caramelized apples Ingredients
6 apples. 6 tbsp. c. brown sugar. 12 nuts. 1/2 lemon. 1 knob of butter.
Preparation
Peel and cut the apples into thin slices Sprinkle with lemon juice Break the walnuts Coarsely chop the walnut kernels Butter an ovenproof dish Arrange the walnuts at the bottom Put the apples on top, reconstituting them Sprinkle with sugar Slide the dish under 5 minutes the grill, watching Let stand 5 minutes in the oven off until the apples cool down

No special drinks, apart from Raki (or Tsikoudia ), a non-aniseed brandy.