The land of the Mariachis...
This is the third trip we've made outside the French borders.
We are accompanied by a couple of Var friends met during our trip to Thailand in 1989, and who wanted to do this circuit in Central America..
We left with Amerimex, tour operator which went bankrupt 15 days after our return, leaving dozens of tourists in the lurch.
And we didn't notice anything during our stay that suggested this outcome.
The hotel or tourist services were of high quality, especially thanks to their correspondents.
The guiding link of our circuit had as its theme the Mayas who lived for a long time in this region and further south in Guatemala, Belize and whose monumental ruins spread over these three countries denote their great vitality and their influence over several centuries.
Departure as usual from Marseille airport to reach Paris where we took a flight to Mexico City with the charter company Taesa (to be avoided like the plague, we had the strange impression of flying with the door open because we could see ice everywhere around the joints!!).
When we arrived in Mexico City () we were surprised to be installed in the oldest hotel in town, on the edge of the Zocalo square with the cathedral on the left and the presidential palace in front.
Having breakfast on the hotel terrace, great!!.
The city is full of curiosities, there are too many to mention them all (in addition there is a risk of forgetting some), but the cathedral which leans on its right (inside there is a plumb line), the palace presidential (with the raising of the flag in the square, and I won't tell you the dimensions), the Aztec ruins, the markets, the Mariachis, (in the evening only and in the small districts), the ladybird taxis of two colors: green ( non-polluting) and yellow that smoke like chimneys.
Holy city located about fifty kilometers from Mexico City, built between the 1st and 7th centuries, Teotihuacan, 'place where the gods are created', is characterized by the very large dimensions of its monuments, the most famous of which are the temple of Quetzalcoatl and the pyramids of the Sun and the Moon and by their geometric and symbolic arrangement.
Teotihuacan, one of the most powerful Mesoamerican cultural centers, imposed its cultural and artistic momentum throughout the region, and even beyond its borders.
Only downside, you are continually bothered by sellers who are sometimes aggressive.
The next day we leave for Campeche () city located on the Gulf of Mexico and which was the bridgehead of the conquest of Yucatan.
The beaches of Campeche, located on the Gulf of Mexico, are not very attractive, on the other hand, the center of the city is more pleasant.
We appreciate the Plaza and the Parque Principal (very lively in the evening) , the Catedral de la Conception, and the ramparts, testimony to the many attacks by pirates who put it in ruins.
The historic town, fortified in the 17th century to protect it from pirate attacks, is a property inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
Mérida capital of the state of Yucatan, was built on the foundations of the Mayan city of T'ho.
Mérida () is a noisy city that only finds calm on Sundays (day when the city center is closed to car traffic), but even with this tumult, and despite the narrowness of the sidewalks and the sometimes oppressive heat
It is pleasant to walk in the streets and public squares of this charming city.
Located 80 km from Mérida, the site ofUxmal () is the most important set of Yucatán with Chichén Itzá, and undoubtedly the most picturesque, thanks to the hilly landscape.
The archaeological site of d’Uxmal is remarkable for its monuments and the beauty of its architecture, characteristic of the style Puuc.
More than a ceremonial center, Uxmal was the political, military and religious capital of the region Puuc.
Chichén Itzá () was probably, in the tenth century, the main religious center of the Yucatán.
t remains today one of the most important and most visited archaeological sites in the region.
The presence of a Mayan city in this place is due to the presence of two natural wells (cenotes) which constituted an invaluable treasure in this region devoid of water.
The only archaeological site by the sea, it is the most photogenic place in the region and perhaps even in the whole country.
Tulum () is an ancient Mayan fortress that had its moment of glory at the end of the Classic period (around 1000 AD).
Its most emblematic building, nicknamed El Castillo , sits on the edge of a cliff from which you can admire the turquoise waters of the sea.
ATTENTIONNovember 14, 2022
Cyclone season
The hurricane season runs from mid-May to the end of November on the Pacific coast and from the beginning of June to the end of November on the Atlantic coast.
During this period, the greatest caution should be exercised before traveling to the coastal areas of the country, both those of the Pacific and those of Yucatán and the Gulf of Mexico.
It is advisable to follow the recommendations of the authorities and to keep regularly informed of the weather forecasts, in particular on the following sites:
- National Hurricane Center
- National Disaster Prevention Center of the Mexican Government CENAPRED (in spanish)
In the past, this country was populated by very advanced civilizations, such as those of the Aztecs and the Mayas. The Spaniards arrived at the beginning of the 16th century, commanded by Hernán Cortés, and defeated the Aztecs in 1521. Mexico then became New Spain. The declaration of independence in 1810 led to a war that ended in 1821. During the 19th century, Mexico lost much of its territory.
More than 40% of Mexican territory was sold or granted following military defeats against the United States. Among these lands were present-day Texas and California.
Mexico also had to undergo from 1862 to 1867 an intervention of the French worried by President Juárez. Relying on the conservatives, the French put on the throne of an ephemeral empire of Mexico the Archduke Maximilian of Habsburg.
The long authoritarian regime of Porfirio Díaz led to the Mexican Revolution of 1910: in the north the forces of Pancho Villa, in the south those of Emiliano Zapata. The revolutionary forces were defeated by the regular army.
Coups and central power troubles lasted until the 1930s. The 1930s were marked by the Cárdenas regime and by nationalizations, such as the creation of Pemex (in Spanish Petróleos Mexicanos, Mexican Oils).
The Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) was founded at the end of the revolution and ruled the country without interruption until 2000, the date of the victory of Vicente Fox Quesada, candidate of the PAN.
Mexico is a federal republic. The separation of the three powers (executive, legislative and judicial) is guaranteed by the 1917 constitution. Vicente Fox was elected President of Mexico in 2000.
The presidents are elected for a period of 6 years and cannot run for a second term. There is no vice president: in the event of resignation or death, Congress appoints an interim president.
The president can issue decrees in the economic and financial field thanks to the powers delegated to him by Congress. Legislative power rests with the Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de Diputados), made up of 500 members (in 2000: 209 seats for the PRI, 208 for the PAN, 51 for the PRD), and the Senate (Cámara de Senadores), strong 128 members (in 2000: 60 seats for the PRI, 46 for the PAN and 15 for the PRD).
Parliamentarians cannot serve two consecutive terms. Deputies are elected every 3 years and senators every 6 years. 300 electoral constituencies each designate a deputy and 200 other deputies are elected by proportional suffrage throughout the country.
The 200 proportionally appointed seats were created to give smaller parties easier access to the House. The parliament played an increased role from 1997, when the opposition obtained more seats in it.
The July 2009 elections saw the return of the PRI, which by obtaining 237 seats again became the leading parliamentary force in the country, the presidential party PAN fell with 143 deputies, as well as the PRD which retained only 71 seats38.
Since 1997, the Congress has played a greater role since the opposition obtained more seats thanks to the designation of 200 seats of deputies elected by proportional representation.
Mexico is a country located in North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States (3,326 km of common borders), to the east by the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, to the south by Belize and Guatemala, and to the west by the 'Pacific Ocean.
The coasts extend over 9,330 km. Climates and landscapes vary by latitude. To the north dominates the desert and to the south, the tropical forest. The Río Grande (or Río Bravo to Mexicans) is the largest river in Mexico and delineates much of the border with the United States.
Other major rivers include the Río Balsas, the Río Coatzacoalcos, the Río Grijalva, the Río Papaloapan, the Río Santiago, the Río Usumacinta and the Río Yaqui. The warm climate is conducive to agave, which is used to make tequila, as well as different species of cacti.
The natives were already practicing agriculture before the arrival of the Europeans. They mainly grew corn, beans and squash. The relief is mountainous in the center. There are also many volcanoes. The peak of Orizaba culminates at 5,700 m, while the lowest point is the Laguna Salada which is 10 m below sea level.
The country is prone to earthquakes, sometimes very violent. Natural resources include silver, copper, natural gas, gold, oil, lead and zinc.
Mexico joined NAFTA, alongside the United States and Canada, in 1994. That same year, the economy suffered a serious crisis with the fall of the peso. Maquiladoras or free zones, occupied by subcontracting factories, were set up along the border with the United States.
American companies are very present there. You should know that more than 70% of imports and exports are made with its northern neighbor. Since China's entry into the WTO, the maquiladoras have been somewhat abandoned in favor of Chinese workshops where the average salary is 4 times lower.
In the macroeconomic chapter, let us add that the economy was in recession in 2001 (-0.3% of GDP) and that growth was modest in 2002 (0.9% of GDP), inflation remains under control (5.7% ). Oil is an important source of income, via the public company Pemex.
Source : Wikipedia
Pleasant climate all year round, but prefer to leave especially from October to April.
The air was disappointing, on the other hand the road rather nice with roads in very good condition.
Some of the most typical dishes have a pre-Columbian origin. Varied for some, rather invigorating or too spicy for others, Mexican cuisine will either please you like we do, or you won't. To sleep you have a wide choice: from the posada to the gran tourismo, but prefer haciendas and colonial hotels for the charm.
Mainly clothes, especially in large sizes and brands, shoes too, if not according to your visits.